---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00007 Date: 01/15/98
From: BRIAN WOOD                                            Time: 11:33am
\/To: VICTOR KEMP                                         (Read 1 times)
Subj: converting char to string

 VK> Hi, how do you convert a char to a string?
I'm not sure you can, because there could be no '\0' to end the string.
 VK> I would like to concatenate a single char onto the end of a string but
 VK> it says it can't convert int to char * when I do this: 
 VK> char charvar;
 VK> char stringvar[90];
 VK> strcat(stringvar, charvar);
That makes sense, strcat() requires a char *, and a char gets promoted to
int so the compiler can't match it up with strcat(char *, const char*)
 VK> I also tried doing:
 VK> strcat(stringvar, (char *)charvar);
 VK> but that made a big mess of things although gave no error message.
That makes sense too, because strcat would copy everything from
(char *)charvar (an address), until a '\0' were found at a higher
address, right? so you would end up with stringvar being filled with
your char, plus a bunch of garbage, or overwriting it with too many
characters and probably crashing the app altogether.
Maybe this would work, but there are probaly several right answers.
 int t=strlen(stringvar);
 if(t<sizeof(stringvar)) {
     stringvar[t]=charvar;    /* put charvar on the end */
     stringvar[t+1]='\0';     /* keep it a string! */
 }
 else
        /* some error message, stringvar is full! */
Hope this helps!
L8r,
bw
... OPERATOR! Trace this call and tell me where I am.
--- Blue Wave/DOS v2.20
 * Origin: River Canyon Rd. BBS  Chattanooga, Tn (1:362/627)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00008 Date: 01/14/98
From: DAVID NOON                                            Time: 08:28pm
\/To: MICHAEL RATHBURN                                    (Read 1 times)
Subj: Sort Algorithm

In a message dated 01-12-98, Michael Rathburn said to All about Sort
Algorithm
Hi Michael,
MR>Can someone explain how this sort works I have tried to follow it but I
MR>just get confused.
[snip]
MR>this is the confusing part :-
MR>        while(test == 0)
MR>        {
MR>                test = 1;
MR>                for (i = 0; i < (MAX - 1); i++)
MR>                {
MR>                        if (table[i] < table[i + 1])
MR>                        {
MR>                                temp = table[i];
MR>                                table[i] = table[ i + 1];
MR>                                table[i + 1] = temp;
MR>                                test = 0;
MR>                        }
MR>                }
MR>        }
The simplest response is that it sorts very, very s-l-o-w-ly. This is a
bubble sort.
The while(test == 0) loop keeps the sort looping until the flag variable
'test' fails to keep its change to 1 that immediately follows. This failure
happens whenever an exchange occurs inside the if() statement, inside the
for() loop. Thus, the loop keeps looping until no more exchanges have been
made.
Since the criterion for an exchange is that 2 adjacent elements are out of
sorted sequence, no exchanges means that everything is in sorted sequence.
Then the loop exits, as the array is sorted.
Note that bubble sort is offered by Knuth, and several others, as by far the
worst sorting algorithm around. The next step up is insertion sort, which
typically runs twice as fast. The "great all-rounder" is Shell's algorithm.
The "formula 1 racer" is Hoare's algorithm (usually very fast, but is prone
to breaking down). The "status symbol" of sorting is Batcher's algorithm.
However, C++ programmers are usually renowned for their ignorance of sorting
algorithms, so this thread could be too enlightening to be on-topic in this
echo. I suggest we move it to Pgmrs, where algorithms in general are
on-topic.
Regards
Dave
<Team PL/I>
___
 * MR/2 2.25 #353 * They'll release Windows 97 when NT 4.0 finishes loading.
--- Maximus/2 3.01
 * Origin: DoNoR/2,Woking UK (44-1483-717905)  (2:440/4)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00009 Date: 01/13/98
From: LEE BRAIDEN                                           Time: 07:19am
\/To: VICTOR KEMP                                         (Read 1 times)
Subj: RE:DJGPP

Hi Victor,
VK> I have jsut installed DJGPP
congratulations on choosing the right compiler (for DOS anyway..) ;=)
VK> and I it is giving me an error, I don't want to spend much time digging
VK> through all the docs,  I just need to compile something.
Hmm.. better read 'em anyway - you won't get too far without them.  DJGPP
is a great system, but great systems are rarely simple.
VK> This is what gcc says when I run it:
VK>   gcc.exe: installation problem, cannot exec `as': No such file or 
VK>   directory (ENOENT)
VK> I can't find any files called 'as.exe' or anything, is it meant to be 
VK> there or is it trying to execute a typo error or something?
VK>
If you unpacked everything properly, you should have it in the bin directory,
same place as gcc, make, etc.   If it's not there, you need to get the rest
of the files (either as*.zip or binutils*.zip - can't remember now).  If 
you've
got it there, then you just need to set up your environment by running the 
.BAT
file which is also in the bin directory.  Best bet is to CALL it from 
autoexec.bat.  If I remember correctly, you need to SET DJGPP="<path>" where
<path> is the directory containing the bin directory - probably SET 
DJGPP="c:\djgpp".   Read the docs - it's all in there.
P.S.: If you want to do games/graphics, get your hands on the Allegro library 
-
it should be available wherever you got DJGPP.
Later,
- Lee
---
Lee Braiden
FIDO: 2:443/777.3        EMail: lee.braiden@coole.piglets.com
--- FIPS/32 v0.98 W95/NT [Unreg]
 * Origin: Oppression is nine tenths of the law (2:443/777.3)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00010 Date: 01/14/98
From: MICHAEL RATHBURN                                      Time: 09:57am
\/To: ALL                                                 (Read 1 times)
Subj: WinExec()

Hi All , hope you are having a nice day
Can some explain why my BCBuilder compiler says the argument
SW_SHOWMAXIMIZE is undefined in a Call to winexec();
I have called it Like WinExec("pbrush.exe" ,SW_SHOWMAXIMIZE);
 Am I using the right function ?
 I am trying to make a menu that executes windows programs when you click
 on a button and control the state of the window ie: minimised maximised or
 normal. I have consulted the help file which reveals Zilch. searched the
 online manuals on my Borland C++ CD another Zilch :-(
 I have included stdlib.h but i'm not sure if it needs it.
 -=> Yours sincerely, Michael Rathburn <=-
... AARRGGHH. I'll kill myself. I quoted 6%!
~~~ Tag-O-Matic V.13 ! I recognise the Green Frog.
--- Terminate 5.00/Pro 
 * Origin: Terminate has most advertising origin lines ;-) (2:250/124.19)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00011 Date: 01/14/98
From: MICHAEL RATHBURN                                      Time: 02:01pm
\/To: ALL                                                 (Read 1 times)
Subj: winexec()

Hi All , hope you are having a nice day
re:- WinExec("pbrush",SW_SHOWMAXIMIZE);
Ive managed to sort out what was going wrong
I was using SW_SHOWMAXIMIZE instead of SW_MAXIMIZE
Is there any way I can pass WinExec a file pointer so that
pbrush executes with a specific file loaded ?
 -=> Yours sincerely, Michael Rathburn <=-
... "I am Popeye of Borg. Prepare to be askimiligrated."
~~~ Tag-O-Matic V.13 ! (39 Taglines) (Quoted 13%) Owned by Michael Rathburn
--- Terminate 5.00/Pro 
 * Origin: Terminate point system, the easiest in the world! (2:250/124.19)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00012 Date: 01/14/98
From: ALEXEY MOKHOV                                         Time: 07:56pm
\/To: ADAM MAJER                                          (Read 1 times)
Subj: screen blinking - the problem is solved

Hello, Adam!
Your advice to try with fewer buttons was decisive. Thanks a lot.
The bug was found into the dialog constructor:
The last operator of the constructor was the call of some function. This 
function calls another one, wich calls anosher one, ... wich calls Invalidate 
for every button. But dialog constructor is not finished at this moment! No 
parent-child ralationship for dialog window interface elements are set!
Really childs mistake ...
Now I know much better what for we need SetupWindow function.
After replacing the function call from constructor to SetupWindow the desktop 
window is in peace and dialog window with buttons appears 10 times faster.
Alexey
--- GoldED 3.00.Alpha4+
 * Origin: St_1, St.Petersburg Russia (2:5030/155.19)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00013 Date: 01/16/98
From: KURT KUZBA                                            Time: 01:05am
\/To: MICHAEL RATHBURN                                    (Read 1 times)
Subj: sort algorithm

MR>         //sort
MR>         int temp, test = 0;
MR>         // this is the confusing part :-
MR>         while(test == 0)
MR>         {
MR>                 test = 1;
MR>                 for (i = 0; i < (MAX - 1); i++)
MR>                 {
MR>                         if (table[i] < table[i + 1])
MR>                         {
MR>                                 temp = table[i];
MR>                                 table[i] = table[ i + 1];
MR>                                 table[i + 1] = temp;
MR>                                 test = 0;
MR>                         }
MR>                 }
MR>         }
   It's pretty simple, really...
int temp, test = 0;     //  define a test condition
while(test == 0)        //  while a test condition exists
{
   test = 1;            //  clear the test condition
   for (i = 0; i < (MAX - 1); i++)
   {                    //  for each element in the array
      if (table[i] < table[i + 1])
      {                 //  if the present element is less than
                        //  the next element
         temp = table[i];
                        //  save the value of this element
         table[i] = table[ i + 1];
                        //  move the next element to this slot
         table[i + 1] = temp;
                        //  make present element next element
         test = 0;
                        //  we still hit a swap, so the sort
                        //  isn't done. reset test condition
      }
   }
}
   And that's all there is to it. When all the elements are in
   their proper order, the test condition will not be reset to
   0, and the while() loop will terminate.
   This might make it more readable:
int swap, sorting, next, present;
do {
   sorting = 0;
   for(present = 0; present < (MAX - 1); present++)
      if(table[present] < table[next = (present + 1)])
      {
         swap = table[present];
         table[present] = table[next];
         table[next] = swap;
         sorting = 1;
      }
}  while(sorting);
   Using a slightly more wordy presentation, or copious
   commentary, can help you when you try to read someone
   else's code, or try to read your own after not seeing
   it for an extended period. What is perfectly clear at
   the time may be obfuscated in retrospect.
   Running the for(;;) loop from MAX to 1 will sort them
   in reverse order, assuming next - (present - 1), as will
   reversing the conditional in the if().
   I actually favor running it backwards, myself...
int swap, sorting, next, present;
do {
   sorting = 0;
   for(present = MAX - 1; present > 1; present--)
      if(table[present] > table[next = (present - 1)])
      {
         swap = table[present];
         table[present] = table[next];
         table[next] = swap;
         sorting = 1;
      }
}  while(sorting);
   A minor point, removing a math operation from the for(;;).
---
> ]<urt   (NFX)
> Remain calm and think. I will help you. - Kwai Chang CPUfan.
---
 * Origin: *YOPS ]I[* 3.1 GIG * RA/FD/FE RADist * Milwaukee, WI (1:154/750)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00014 Date: 01/14/98
From: ED KOON                                               Time: 09:17pm
\/To: ALL                                                 (Read 1 times)
Subj: Telnet Accessable Fidonet BBS!

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---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00015 Date: 01/15/98
From: BRIAN WOOD                                            Time: 04:27pm
\/To: VICTOR KEMP                                         (Read 1 times)
Subj: converting char to string

-=> Quoting Brian Wood to Victor Kemp <=-
 BW> Maybe this would work, but there are probaly several right answers.
 BW> 
 BW> int t=strlen(stringvar);
 BW>    if(t<sizeof(stringvar)) {
 BW>       stringvar[t]=charvar;    /* put charvar on the end */
 BW>       stringvar[t+1]='\0';     /* keep it a string! */
 BW>    }
 BW> else
 BW>    /* some error message, stringvar is full! */
Actually, I think that could overwrite stringvar too, since we're going
to add 2 characters to the end of it, accounting for the null.
Probably best to use
   if(t<sizeof(stringvar)-1)
L8r,
bw
... Every time I have all the answers, someone changes the questions!
--- Blue Wave/DOS v2.20
 * Origin: River Canyon Rd. BBS  Chattanooga, Tn (1:362/627)
---------------

FIDO MESSAGE AREA==> TOPIC: 203 C++           Ref: F1K00016 Date: 01/15/98
From: HERBERT BUSHONG                                       Time: 09:46am
\/To: VICTOR KEMP                                         (Read 1 times)
Subj: converting char to string

::> I would like to concatenate a single char onto the end of a string but it
::> it can't convert int to char * when I do this:
::>            char charvar;
::>            char stringvar[90];
::>            strcat(stringvar, charvar);
Your charvar is not NUL terminated so strcat won't work.
char charvar;
char stringvar[90];
char stringret[91];
sprintf(stringret, "%s%c", stringvar, charvar);
#  Herbert Bushong    harchon@centuryinter.net       [TEAM OS/2]    
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